GLM 5.2 and the coming AI margin collapse

The article argues that the AI industry's profitability depends more on inference costs than training costs. It highlights the emergence of high-quality open-weights models like GLM 5.2 as a potential disruptor to the margins of major AI labs.
What feels like decades ago, markets recoiled at DeepSeek's R1 model. The theory being that given the underlying V3 model reportedly cost under $6m to train, the market therefore thought the huge investment in capex for model training was over, and thus the stock price of Nvidia et al collapsed overnight .
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