How did landline phones work during power cuts?

This article explains the technical mechanism behind traditional landline phones, which remained functional during power outages because they were powered by the telephone exchange via copper wires. It contrasts this reliability with modern smartphones that depend on local electrical grids.
The secret lay far away from your home. Unlike today’s smartphones, traditional landline phones did not depend on the electricity coming into your house. Instead, they drew power through the same copper wires that carried your voice. These wires were connected to a telephone exchange, a central hub that linked thousands of telephones together.
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